Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are made of two aluminum foils and a paper soaked in electrolyte.

 By Shruti Vispute, Industry Analyst

What Is The Use of Aluminum electrolytic capacitors ?

The electrolytic capacitor is used where high levels of capacitance are required, but to provide long reliable service it must be used correctly and within its specifications.


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Aluminum capacitors are polarized electrolytic capacitors whose anode electrode (+) is made of a pure aluminum foil with an etched surface. The aluminum forms a very thin insulating layer of aluminum oxide by anodization that acts as the dielectric of the capacitor. A non-solid electrolyte covers the rough surface of the oxide layer, serving in principle as the second electrode (cathode) (-) of the capacitor. A second aluminum foil called “cathode foil” contacts the electrolyte and serves as the electrical connection to the negative terminal of the capacitor.

Top manufacturers including : Murata Manufacturing Co. Ltd., Cornell Dubilier,  Kemet, Vishay Intertechnology, TDK Corporation,  Wurth Elektronik GmbH and Co. KG,  Panasonic Corporation,  Nichicon Corporation,  Vicor Corporation, Illinois Capacitor, Inc.

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors with non-solid electrolyte are the most inexpensive type and also those with widest range of sizes, capacitance and voltage values. They are made with capacitance values from 0.1 µF up to 2,700,000 µF (2.7 F), and rated voltages values from 4 V up to 630 V.[The liquid electrolyte provides oxygen for re-forming or self-healing of the dielectric oxide layer. However, it can evaporate through a temperature-dependent drying-out process, which causes electrical parameters to drift, limiting the service life time of the capacitors.

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are divided into three subfamilies by the type of electrolyte:
·         non-solid (liquid, wet) aluminum electrolytic capacitors,
·         solid manganese dioxide aluminum electrolytic capacitors, and
·         solid polymer aluminums electrolytic capacitors.

The electrolytic capacitor is the most popular leaded type for values greater than about 1 µF, having the one of the highest levels of capacitance for a given volume.

The electrolytic capacitor is one of the mainstays of the capacitor industry being used in vast quantities both as a leaded device or an SMD.
Aluminum electrolytic capacitors have been in use for many years - in this way they have become a regular component in many designs

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About The Author

Shruti is an industry analyst and commentator, writer, technology entrepreneur, investor and futurist. 

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